| 1. | Take e . g . the Lagrangian for a scalar field theory.
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| 2. | It is from this Scalar Field that energy / matter comes from.
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| 3. | Physically, this means that a scalar field is independent of the observer.
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| 4. | For instance, a scalar field with a positive potential can violate this condition.
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| 5. | This scalar field acts together with all the rest to generate the metric.
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| 6. | :: : Note that scalar fields include gravitational and electrostatic potential.
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| 7. | Fuzzy dark matter and ultra-light axion are examples of scalar field dark matter.
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| 8. | This makes a two dimensional massless scalar field slightly tricky to define mathematically.
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| 9. | In general relativity, the speculative quintessence field can appear as a scalar field.
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| 10. | :: Example from around here : Scalar field theory # Quantum scalar field theory.
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